CIS multiple sclerosis stands for Clinically Isolated Syndrome. CIS MS is a type of episode that can occur in the progression of the disease. Clinically Isolated Syndrome is something that typically occurs before a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis has been made. It is the first episode that people have of neurological symptoms relating to the nervous system. Some people consider it to be a precursor to a MS diagnosis. However, it is important to keep in mind that this is not always the case.
There are two types of Clinically Isolated Syndrome: Monofocal and Multifocal. A Monofocal episode will only have one specific symptom that occurs. In a Multifocal episode, a person can experience several different neurological symptoms. Both types of episodes must last at least 24 hours to be considered Clinically Isolated Syndrome.
Clinically Isolated Syndrome is caused by inflammation or demyelination in the central nervous system. It can occur in one spot of the nervous system or in several different areas. An MRI is usually done by a medical professional to see if there are MS lesions on the brain or the spinal cord when a Clinically Isolated Syndrome is experienced for the first time. This can help a doctor decide if a person is at a higher risk for developing multiple sclerosis.
Treatment for CIS Multiple Sclerosis
Since Clinically Isolated Syndrome is not a true diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, it follows a different treatment regimen. It typically starts with a lower dose of an interferon drug to see if this helps with the symptoms. If there are any lesions present, medication may be prescribed to help the lesions from getting any bigger, or to prevent new lesions from growing.
People who experience an episode of Clinically Isolated Syndrome will likely be monitored for sometime after the episode. MRIs will be conducted to ensure there is no lesion growth that could indicate a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. If there are no changes in the months following the episode, the person may no longer need monitoring. This typically means that a person will not go on to develop multiple sclerosis or have another episode of Clinically Isolated Syndrome.
Since the symptoms of Clinically Isolated Syndrome resemble multiple sclerosis so strongly, it is important to discuss the symptoms with a doctor or other medical professional. Even if the symptoms go away on their own within a few days, this does not mean there are no lesions present or other things going on inside the body. Testing is very important after experiencing an episode of Clinically Isolated Syndrome to ensure the correct treatment is started as soon as possible.
